Spine

The spine encloses the spinal cord and nerve roots (spinal nerves) in the spinal canal and protects these sensitive structures.

The characteristic S-shape of the spine and the trunk and back muscles enable the spine to walk upright.

The interplay of bones, vertebral joints, ligaments, muscles and intervertebral discs ensures that the mobile cervical and lumbar spine is normally highly mobile while remaining stable.

If this interplay is out of balance, conservative treatments such as physiotherapy including back training, pain therapy or interventional pain therapy are used. In selective cases and after conservative therapy has been exhausted, surgical intervention may be necessary.